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CRA v/s Vite


Ever wondered how does JavaScript sorts the array when you call `Array.sort()` ?

Well It all depends on the runtime engine of the browser.

for example,

- Chrome uses V8 engine, which is a JavaScript engine written in c++. As per their documentation
  [V8](https://v8.dev) is Google’s open source high-performance JavaScript and WebAssembly engine, written in C++. It is used in Chrome and in Node.js, among others. It implements ECMAScript and WebAssembly, and runs on Windows 7 or later, macOS 10.12+, and Linux systems that use x64, IA-32, ARM, or MIPS processors. V8 can run standalone, or can be embedded into any C++ application.

- Firefox uses SpiderMonkey engine, which is a JavaScript engine written in C++. As per their documentation
  [SpiderMonkey](https://spidermonkey.dev) is Mozilla’s JavaScript and WebAssembly Engine, used in Firefox, Servo and various other projects. It is written in C++, Rust and JavaScript. You can embed it into C++ and Rust projects, and it can be run as a stand-alone shell.

- Safari uses JSC engine, which is a JavaScript engine written in C++. As per their documentation
  [JSC](https://webkit.org/) WebKit is the web browser engine used by Safari, Mail, App Store, and many other apps on macOS, iOS, and Linux.

- Microsoft Edge uses Chakra engine, which is a JavaScript engine written in C. As per their documentation
  [ChakraCore](https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore) is a JavaScript engine with a C API you can use to add support for JavaScript to any C or C compatible project. It can be compiled for x64 processors on Linux macOS and Windows. And x86 and ARM for Windows only. It is a future goal to support x86 and ARM processors on Linux and ARM on macOS.

We will take the 2 most popular browsers as reference, and compare the performance of `Array.sort()` in each of them.

- ## Google Chrome

  Since v8 engine Chrome has been using TimSort algorithm for sorting the array.

  ![avatar](https://www.openbookproject.net/books/bpp4awd/_static/ch10/timpeters.jpg)

  TimSort developed by <u>Tim Peters</u> in 2002 for [python](https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Objects/listsort.txt).
  While Mergesort usually works in recursive fashion, Timsort works iteratively.

  The Array is divided into Run blocks.
  These runs are sorted using insertion sort one at a time, and they are then combined using the combine function from merge sort.
  The Array is sorted solely using Insertion Sort if its size is smaller than run block.
  Depending on the size of the array, the run's size can range from 32 to 64.

## Algorithm:

1. Divide the array into the number of blocks known as run.
2. Consider the size of run, either 32 or 64 (32 is the default).<br/>
3. Sort the individual elements of every run one by one using insertion sort.
4. Merge the sorted runs one by one using the merge function of merge sort.
5. Double the size of merged sub-arrays after every iteration.

WKT the basic operation of insertion sort is Comparing.

When we merge the sorted lists, we come up with a total n-1
comparison because the last element which is left will need to be copied down in the combined list,
 and there will be no comparison.


Analyzing Array.sort() & measuring the performance in JavaScript


So a Little intro to Typescript, It was developed by Microsoft as a opensource project and its now also maintained by Microsoft.

So Basically in a nutshell Typescript is the super set of JavaScript meaning any valid JavaScript code is a valid Type-Script Code.

If you have experience with JS you know that the data type is completely dynamic, to give you a example, I declare `arr` as a const , and try to apply `arr.map()` function, This is a error because `arr` is not a array to map through and we’ll get to know this error during run (JS doesn’t need any compiling we can directly run / interpret it in Browser) time which is more frustrating for a developer

Now, lets come to typescript you have to mention the datatype of `arr` which is a string and if you try to apply `arr.map()` the text editor will scream at you saying that you cannot loop though a string….

TypeScript is strictly better than JavaScript. Some of the advantages are below,

* Static types prevent an entire category of errors. And they prevent the errors before you even save the code to disk. The sooner you detect an error, the cheaper it is to fix in developers point of view.

* It forces you to write clean code, so if you forget your code after a couple months you can just see what you have written and what does this do in just couple minutes..

* If you are building a large Systems, Its Oriented and complex systems is no longer a nightmare.

## Compilation

A main dIffrence between JavaScript and TypeScript is compilation. There is no need to build JS code. In the browser, it is interpreted and executed. TypeScript code, on the other hand, must be converted into standard JS and then compiled. It may seems that you might be wasting time, but you are actually saving time. Compiling the code takes a few extra seconds, but it saves time when you are testing your application.

After everything is said and done, both Typescript and JavaScript have their own set of limitations and features. JS is a dynamic and lightweight coding language designed to improve HTML web pages. It is not, however, a full-fledged scripting language. JS is an interpreted programming language that runs in the context of a web browser.

Typescript is compiled to JS, which can be used in any JS code; as a result, Typescript has more advantages, making it more significant and popular.

## Final Notes:

The community for Typescript is not big as JS

Use TS always whenever you are making a big application with complicated Data and interacting with various Databases

You can get more accurate Auto completions in your text editor as the transpiler knows what data type it is

Start Migrating your codebases to TS, its easy just renaming the file extensions to .ts` Of course, JavaScript code won’t become a strict TypeScript automatically. It still takes some time and effort to convert.But its so much worth it to make it.

Just use Ts, You’ll thank me later xD.



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